조지오웰의 동물농장 Chapter 5

조지오웰의 동물 농장 Chapter 5의 내용을 정리해 보았습니다.

 

 

1. 조지오웰의 동물농장 Chapter 5의 영어원문[한글해석]

Chapter V [제5장] As winter drew on, Mollie became more and more troublesome. [몰리는 겨울이 다가오면서 점점 더 문제가 되어갔다.] She was late for work every morning and excused herself by saying that she had overslept, and she complained of mysterious pains, although her appetite was excellent. [겨울이 깊어감에 따라 매일 아침 일에 늦고 자신이 늦었다며 핑계를 대며 식욕은 많았지만 미스테리한 통증을 호소했습니다.] On every kind of pretext she would run away from work and go to the drinking pool, where she would stand foolishly gazing at her own reflection in the water. [모든 핑계를 대고 일을 빼먹고 연못으로 가서 물에 비친 자신의 모습을 바보처럼 바라보곤 했습니다.] But there were also rumours of something more serious. [하지만 더 심각한 소문도 있었습니다.] One day, as Mollie strolled blithely into the yard, flirting her long tail and chewing at a stalk of hay, Clover took her aside. [어느 날 몰리가 긴 꼬리를 살랑거리며 건초 줄기를 씹으며 경쾌하게 마당으로 들어오자 클로버는 그녀를 따로 데려갔습니다.] "Mollie," she said, "I have something very serious to say to you. [“몰리,” 그녀가 말했습니다. “당신에게 매우 심각한 이야기를 해야 해요."] This morning I saw you looking over the hedge that divides Animal Farm from Foxwood. One of Mr. Pilkington's men was standing on the other side of the hedge. And—I was a long way away, but I am almost certain I saw this—he was talking to you and you were allowing him to stroke your nose. What does that mean, Mollie?" [“오늘 아침 당신이 애니멀 농장과 폭스우드를 구분하는 담벼락 너머를 바라보는 것을 봤어요. 담벼락 반대편에는 필킹턴 씨의 부하가 서 있었고요. 그리고—저는 멀리 있었지만 거의 확신하는데요—그 사람이 당신과 이야기를 하고 있었고 당신은 그가 당신 코를 쓰다듬도록 허용했어요. 그게 무슨 뜻이에요, 몰리?”] "He didn't! I wasn't! It isn't true!" cried Mollie, beginning to prance about and paw the ground. [“하지 않았어요! 아니에요! 사실이 아니에요!” 몰리가 소리치며 발을 동동 구르고 땅을 긁기 시작했습니다.] "Mollie! Look me in the face. Do you give me your word of honour that that man was not stroking your nose?" [“몰리! 내 눈을 봐. 그 남자가 당신 코를 쓰다듬지 않았다는 것을명예를 걸고 맹세해요?”] "It isn't true!" repeated Mollie, but she could not look Clover in the face, and the next moment she took to her heels and galloped away into the field. [“사실이 아니에요!” 몰리가 반복했지만 클로버의 눈을 볼 수 없었고 다음 순간 그녀는 발굽질을 하며 들판으로 달려갔습니다.] A thought struck Clover. [클로버에게 생각이 떠올렸습니다.] Without saying anything to the others, she went to Mollie's stall. [그녀는 아무 말도 하지 않고 몰리의 마굿간으로 갔습니다.] She turned over the straw with her hoof. [발굽으로 짚을 뒤집었습니다.] Hidden under the straw was a little pile of lump sugar and several bunches of ribbon of different colours. [짚더미 아래에는 작은 설탕무더기와 여러 가지 색의 리본 몇 개가 숨겨져 있었습니다.] Three days later Mollie disappeared. [3일 후 몰리는 사라졌습니다.] For some weeks nothing was known of her whereabouts. [몇 주 동안 그녀의 위치에 대한 정보는 없었습니다.] Then the pigeons reported that they had seen her on the other side of Willingdon. [그때 비둘기들은 윌링던 반대편에서 그녀를 본 적이 있다고 보고했습니다.] She was between the shafts of a smart dogcart painted red and black, which was standing outside a public-house. [그녀는 빨간색과 검은색으로 도색된 멋진 마차 경운기 바퀴 축 사이에 있었고 술집 밖에 서있었습니다.] A fat red-faced man in check breeches and gaiters, who looked like a publican, was stroking her nose and feeding her with sugar. [체크 무늬 바지와 게터를 입은 뚱뚱하고 붉은 얼굴의 남자는 마치 주점 주인처럼 보였고, 그녀의 코를 쓰다듬으며 설탕을 먹이고 있었습니다.] Her coat was newly clipped and she wore a scarlet ribbon round her forelock. [그녀의 털은 새롭게 깎였고, 이마 가죽 끈에 스칼렛 리본을 달고 있었습니다.] She appeared to be enjoying herself, so the pigeons said. [비둘기들의 말에 따르면 그녀는 즐거워하는 것처럼 보였다고 합니다.] None of the animals ever mentioned Mollie again. [동물들은 다시는 몰리에 대해 언급하지 않았습니다.] In January there came bitterly hard weather. [1월에는 혹독한 날씨가 찾아왔습니다.] The earth was like iron, and nothing could be done in the fields. [땅은 철처럼 단단했고 밭에서 할 수 있는 일은 아무것도 없었습니다.] Many meetings were held in the big barn, and the pigs occupied themselves with planning out the work of the coming season. [많은 회의가 큰 헛간에서 열렸고 돼지들은 다가오는 계절의 작업 계획을 세우는데 자신들을 바쁘게 하였습니다.] It had come to be accepted that the pigs, who were manifestly cleverer than the other animals, should decide all questions of farm policy, though their decisions had to be ratified by a majority vote. [돼지들이 명백히 다른 동물들보다 똑똑하므로 농장 정책의 모든 문제를 결정해야 한다는 것이 받아들여졌습니다. 비록 그들의 결정이 과반수의 투표로 승인되어야 했지만요.] This arrangement would have worked well enough if it had not been for the disputes between Snowball and Napoleon. [이런 정리가 스노우볼과 나폴레옹 사이의 논쟁이 없었다면 충분히 잘 작동했을 것입니다.] These two disagreed at every point where disagreement was possible. [이 두 사람은 견해가 다른 모든 부분에서 의견을 다투었습니다.] If one of them suggested sowing a bigger acreage with barley, the other was certain to demand a bigger acreage of oats, and if one of them said that such and such a field was just right for cabbages, the other would declare that it was useless for anything except roots. [그들 중 한 명이 보리로 더 큰 농지를 파종하자고 제안하면 다른 한 명은 꼭 귀리로 더 큰 농지를 요구하였고 그들 중 한 명이 이런 저런 밭이 배추를 심기에 딱 좋다고 말하면 다른 한 명은 뿌리 이외의 어떤 것에도 쓸모없다고 말하였습니다.] Each had his own following, and there were some violent debates. [각자의 추종자가 있었고 몇몇 격렬한 논쟁이 있었습니다.] At the Meetings Snowball often won over the majority by his brilliant speeches, but Napoleon was better at canvassing support for himself in between times. [회의에서 스노우볼은 종종 그의 뛰어난 연설로 다수를 설득했지만 나폴레옹은 그 사이에 자신을 위한 지지를 모으는데 더 능했습니다.] He was especially successful with the sheep. [그는 특히 양들에게 성공적이었습니다.] Of late the sheep had taken to bleating "Four legs good, two legs bad" both in and out of season, and they often interrupted the Meeting with this. [요즘 양들은 계절에 상관없이 "네 다리는 좋고 두 다리는 나쁘다"라고 말하며 종종 이것으로 회의를 방해하였습니다.] It was noticed that they were especially liable to break into "Four legs good, two legs bad" at crucial moments in Snowball's speeches. [스노우볼의 연설에서 결정적인 순간에 그들이 특히 "네 다리는 좋고 두 다리는 나쁘다"라고 말하는 것에 취약하다는 것이 눈에 띄었습니다.] Snowball had made a close study of some back numbers of the 'Farmer and Stockbreeder' which he had found in the farmhouse, and was full of plans for innovations and improvements. [스노우볼은 농가에서 찾은 '농부와 가축 사육자' 주간지의 일부 예전 호를 면밀히 연구했고 혁신과 개선에 대한 계획으로 가득 찼습니다.] He talked learnedly about field drains, silage, and basic slag, and had worked out a complicated scheme for all the animals to drop their dung directly in the fields, at a different spot every day, to save the labour of cartage. [그는 배수구, 사일리지, 기본 슬래그에 대해 학문적으로 이야기하였고 모든 동물들이 매일 다른 장소에서 밭에 바로 똥을 떨어뜨려 수송의 노력을 절약하는 복잡한 계획을 세웠습니다.] Napoleon produced no schemes of his own, but said quietly that Snowball's would come to nothing, and seemed to be biding his time. [나폴레옹은 자신의 계획을 내놓지 않았지만 스노우볼의 계획은 아무 것도 이루지 못할 것이라고 조용히 말하였고 시간을 기다리는 것 같았습니다.] But of all their controversies, none was so bitter as the one that took place over the windmill. [하지만 그들의 논쟁 중에서 가장 심한 것은 풍차에 대한 논쟁이었습니다.] In the long pasture, not far from the farm buildings, there was a small knoll which was the highest point on the farm. [농장 건물에서 멀지 않은 긴 목장에는 농장에서 가장 높은 지점인 작은 언덕이 있었습니다.] After surveying the ground, Snowball declared that this was just the place for a windmill, which could be made to operate a dynamo and supply the farm with electrical power. [지면을 살펴본 후 스노우볼은 이곳이 바로 발전기를 운영하고 농장에 전력을 공급할 수 있는 풍차를 세울 수 있는 장소라고 선언했습니다.] This would light the stalls and warm them in winter, and would also run a circular saw, a chaff-cutter, a mangel-slicer, and an electric milking machine. [이것은 축사를 밝게 하고 겨울에는 따뜻하게 해주며 원형 톱, 찹쌀 절단기, 망겔 슬라이서, 전기 젖소를 운영할 수 있습니다.] The animals had never heard of anything of this kind before (for the farm was an old-fashioned one and had only the most primitive machinery), and they listened in astonishment while Snowball conjured up pictures of fantastic machines which would do their work for them while they grazed at their ease in the fields or improved their minds with reading and conversation. [동물들은 이런 종류의 것을 전에 들어본 적이 없었습니다(농장은 구식이었고 가장 원시적인 기계만 가지고 있었습니다), 그들은 농장에서 편안하게 먹이를 뜯거나 독서와 대화로 마음을 개선하는 동안 그들의 일을 대신 해줄 환상적인 기계의 그림을 스노우볼이 상상하는 동안 놀라움으로 들었습니다.] Within a few weeks Snowball's plans for the windmill were fully worked out. [몇 주 안에 스노우볼의 풍차 계획이 완전히 마무리되었습니다.] The mechanical details came mostly from three books which had belonged to Mr. Jones—'One Thousand Useful Things to Do About the House', 'Every Man His Own Bricklayer', and 'Electricity for Beginners'. [기계적인 세부 사항은 대부분 존스 씨의 소유였던 세 권의 책에서 나왔습니다 - '집에서 할 수 있는 유용한 것들 천 가지', '모든 사람이 자신의 벽돌 깔개', 그리고 '초보자를 위한 전기'.] Snowball used as his study a shed which had once been used for incubators and had a smooth wooden floor, suitable for drawing on. [스노우볼은 연구실로 한때 인큐베이터로 사용되었던 그림을 그리기에 적합한 매끄러운 나무 바닥이 있는 헛간을 사용했습니다.] He was closeted there for hours at a time. [그는 한 번에 몇 시간 동안 그곳에 갇혀 있었습니다.] With his books held open by a stone, and with a piece of chalk gripped between the knuckles of his trotter, he would move rapidly to and fro, drawing in line after line and uttering little whimpers of excitement. [돌로 책을 펼쳐 놓고 돼지발의 관절 사이에 붙잡힌 분필을 가지고 그는 빠르게 앞뒤로 움직이며 줄을 그리고 또 그리며 흥분의 작은 흐느낌을 내뱉었습니다.] Gradually the plans grew into a complicated mass of cranks and cog-wheels, covering more than half the floor, which the other animals found completely unintelligible but very impressive. [점차 계획은 크랭크와 톱니바퀴의 복잡한 집합체로 성장하여 바닥의 절반 이상을 덮었는데 다른 동물들은 이를 완전히 이해할 수 없지만 매우 인상적으로 느꼈습니다.] All of them came to look at Snowball's drawings at least once a day. [그들 모두는 하루에 최소한 한 번은 스노우볼의 그림을 보러 왔습니다.] Even the hens and ducks came, and were at pains not to tread on the chalk marks. [닭과 오리들까지 왔고 분필 표시를 밟지 않도록 고생했습니다.] Only Napoleon held aloof. [나폴레옹만은 떨어져 있었습니다.] He had declared himself against the windmill from the start. [그는 처음부터 풍차에 반대라고 선언했습니다.] One day, however, he arrived unexpectedly to examine the plans. [그러나 어느 날 그는 예기치 않게 계획을 검토하러 왔습니다.] He walked heavily round the shed, looked closely at every detail of the plans and snuffed at them once or twice, then stood for a little while contemplating them out of the corner of his eye; then suddenly he lifted his leg, urinated over the plans, and walked out without uttering a word. [그는 헛간 주변을 무겁게 걸었고 계획의 모든 세부 사항을 자세히 살펴보고 한두 번 냄새를 맡았다가 잠시 동안 눈구석으로 그들을 바라보며 생각에 잠겼습니다. 그러다 갑자기 그는 다리를 들어 계획 위에 소변을 보고 한 마디도 하지 않고 나갔습니다.] The whole farm was deeply divided on the subject of the windmill. [전체 농장은 풍차에 대한 주제에 대해 깊게 분열되어 있었습니다.] Snowball did not deny that to build it would be a difficult business. [스노우볼은 그것을 건설하는 것이 어려운 일일 것이라는 것을 부인하지 않았습니다.] Stone would have to be carried and built up into walls, then the sails would have to be made and after that there would be need for dynamos and cables. [돌을 운반하고 벽을 쌓아야 하고 그 다음에는 돛을 만들어야 하고 그 다음에는 발전기와 케이블이 필요하게 될 것입니다.] (How these were to be procured, Snowball did not say.) [(이들을 어떻게 입수해야 할지에 대해서는 스노우볼이 말하지 않았습니다.)] But he maintained that it could all be done in a year. [그러나 그는 이 모든 것이 1년 안에 이루어질 수 있다고 주장했습니다.] And thereafter, he declared, so much labour would be saved that the animals would only need to work three days a week. [그리고 그 이후 그는 노동력이 많이 절약될 것이라고 선언했고 그 결과 동물들은 일주일에 단지 3일만 일하면 될 것이라고 말했습니다.] Napoleon, on the other hand, argued that the great need of the moment was to increase food production, and that if they wasted time on the windmill they would all starve to death. [한편 나폴레옹은 그 순간 가장 필요한 것은 식품 생산을 증가시키는 것이라고 주장했고 그들이 풍차에 시간을 낭비하면 모두 굶어 죽을 것이라고 말했습니다.] The animals formed themselves into two factions under the slogan, "Vote for Snowball and the three-day week" and "Vote for Napoleon and the full manger." [동물들은 "스노볼의 주 3일 근무"를 주장하는 진영과 "나폴레옹의 주 7일 근무"를 주장하는 진영으로 나뉘었습니다.] Benjamin was the only animal who did not side with either faction. [벤자민은 어느 쪽도 지지하지 않는 유일한 동물이었습니다.] He refused to believe either that food would become more plentiful or that the windmill would save work. [그는 식품이 더 풍부해질 것이라는 것이나 풍차가 노동을 절약할 것이라는 것을 믿을 거부했습니다.] Windmill or no windmill, he said, life would go on as it had always gone on—that is, badly. [풍차가 있든 없든 그는 삶은 항상 그랬던 것처럼 계속될 것이라고 말했습니다 - 즉, 나쁘게.] Apart from the disputes over the windmill, there was the question of the defence of the farm. [풍차에 대한 논란 외에도 농장의 방어에 대한 문제가 있었습니다.] It was fully realised that though the human beings had been defeated in the Battle of the Cowshed they might make another and more determined attempt to recapture the farm and reinstate Mr. Jones. [전투에서 인간들이 패했음에도 불구하고 그들은 농장을 다시 되찾고 존스 씨를 복직시키기 위해 더 결정적인 시도를 할 수 있다는 것을 완전히 깨달았습니다.] They had all the more reason for doing so because the news of their defeat had spread across the countryside and made the animals on the neighbouring farms more restive than ever. [그들의 패배 소식이 전 국가에 퍼지고 이웃 농장의 동물들을 어느 때보다 불안하게 만들었기 때문에 그들은 그렇게 하는 데 더욱 이유가 있었습니다.] As usual, Snowball and Napoleon were in disagreement. [스노우볼과 나폴레옹은 보통 때와 같이 의견이 달랐습니다.] According to Napoleon, what the animals must do was to procure firearms and train themselves in the use of them. [나폴레옹에 따르면 동물들이 해야 할 것은 무기를 입수하고 그들을 사용하는 방법을 훈련하는 것이었습니다.] According to Snowball, they must send out more and more pigeons and stir up rebellion among the animals on the other farms. [스노우볼에 따르면 그들은 더 많은 비둘기를 보내고 다른 농장의 동물들 사이에 반란을 일으켜야 했습니다.] The one argued that if they could not defend themselves they were bound to be conquered, the other argued that if rebellions happened everywhere they would have no need to defend themselves. [한쪽은 그들이 스스로를 방어할 수 없다면 그들은 정복당할 수밖에 없다고 주장했고 다른 한쪽은 반란이 어디에서나 일어난다면 그들이 스스로를 방어할 필요가 없을 것이라고 주장했습니다.] The animals listened first to Napoleon, then to Snowball, and could not make up their minds which was right; indeed, they always found themselves in agreement with the one who was speaking at the moment. [동물들은 먼저 나폴레옹의 말을 들었고 그 다음에 스노우볼의 말을 들었고 어느 쪽이 맞는지 결정할 수 없었습니다. 실제로 그들은 항상 그 순간에 말하고 있는 쪽에게 동의하는 것을 발견했습니다.] At last the day came when Snowball's plans were completed. [드디어 스노우볼의 계획이 완성된 날이 왔습니다.] At the Meeting on the following Sunday the question of whether or not to begin work on the windmill was to be put to the vote. [다음 주 일요일의 회의에서 풍차 작업을 시작할지 여부에 대한 질문이 투표에 부쳐질 예정이었습니다.] When the animals had assembled in the big barn, Snowball stood up and, though occasionally interrupted by bleating from the sheep, set forth his reasons for advocating the building of the windmill. [동물들이 큰 헛간에 모였을 때 가끔 양의 울음소리에 방해를 받았지만 스노우볼은 일어나서 풍차 건설을 지지하는 이유를 제시했습니다.] Then Napoleon stood up to reply. [그러던 중 나폴레옹이 일어나 답변했습니다.] He said very quietly that the windmill was nonsense and that he advised nobody to vote for it, and promptly sat down again; he had spoken for barely thirty seconds, and seemed almost indifferent as to the effect he produced. [그는 매우 조용히 풍차는 헛소리라며 그것에 대해 투표할 것을 아무에게도 권하지 않았고 즉시 다시 앉았습니다. 그는 겨우 30초 동안 말했고, 그가 만든 효과에 대해 거의 무관심한 것처럼 보였습니다.] At this Snowball sprang to his feet, and shouting down the sheep, who had begun bleating again, broke into a passionate appeal in favour of the windmill. [이에 스노우볼은 발을 떼고 다시 울음을 시작한 양을 외치며, 풍차를 지지하는 열정적인 호소로 폭발했습니다.] Until now the animals had been about equally divided in their sympathies, but in a moment Snowball's eloquence had carried them away. [지금까지 동물들은 그들의 동정심에서 대체로 균등하게 분배되어 있었지만 순식간에 스노우볼의 웅변이 그들을 이끌었습니다.] In glowing sentences he painted a picture of Animal Farm as it might be when sordid labour was lifted from the animals' backs. [그는 빛나는 문장으로 동물들의 등에서 더러운 노동이 들어올려질 때 동물 농장이 어떻게 될 수 있는지 그림을 그렸습니다.] His imagination had now run far beyond chaff-cutters and turnip-slicers. [그의 상상력은 이제 찹쌀 절단기와 순무 절단기를 훨씬 넘어섰습니다.] Electricity, he said, could operate threshing machines, ploughs, harrows, rollers, and reapers and binders, besides supplying every stall with its own electric light, hot and cold water, and an electric heater. [그는 전기가 탈곡기, 쟁기, 경작기, 롤러, 그리고 수확기와 묶음기를 운영할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 모든 축사에 전등, 온수와 냉수, 그리고 전기 히터를 공급할 수 있다고 말했습니다.] By the time he had finished speaking, there was no doubt as to which way the vote would go. [그가 말을 마칠 때까지 투표가 어느 방향으로 갈지에 대한 의심은 없었습니다.] But just at this moment Napoleon stood up and, casting a peculiar sidelong look at Snowball, uttered a high-pitched whimper of a kind no one had ever heard him utter before. [그런데 이 순간 나폴레옹이 일어나서 스노볼을 이상한 시선으로 쳐다보면서 아무도 들어보지 못했던 큰 울음소리를 내며 울었습니다.] At this there was a terrible baying sound outside, and nine enormous dogs wearing brass-studded collars came bounding into the barn. [이 때 외부에서 끔찍한 짖는 소리가 들려오고, 황동으로 장식된 목걸이를 착용한 아홉 마리의 거대한 개들이 헛간으로 뛰어 들어왔습니다.] They dashed straight for Snowball, who only sprang from his place just in time to escape their snapping jaws. [그들은 직접 스노우볼을 향해 돌진했고 스노우볼은 그들의 깨물려는 아가미를 피해 마침내 자리에서 뛰어올랐습니다.] In a moment he was out of the door and they were after him. [순식간에 그는 문 밖으로 나가고 그들은 그를 뒤쫓았습니다.] Too amazed and frightened to speak, all the animals crowded through the door to watch the chase. [너무 놀라고 무서워서 말할 수 없는 모든 동물들이 문을 통해 몰려 들어 추격을 지켜보았습니다.] Snowball was racing across the long pasture that led to the road. [스노우볼은 길로 이끄는 긴 목장을 달리고 있었습니다.] He was running as only a pig can run, but the dogs were close on his heels. [그는 돼지만이 달릴 수 있는 방식으로 달리고 있었지만 개들은 그의 뒤를 바짝 쫓고 있었습니다.] Suddenly he slipped and it seemed certain that they had him. [갑자기 그는 넘어지고 그들이 그를 잡은 것처럼 보였습니다.] Then he was up again, running faster than ever, then the dogs were gaining on him again. [그러던 다음 그는 다시 일어나서 그 어느 때보다 빠르게 달리고 개들이 다시 그를 따라잡고 있었습니다.] One of them all but closed his jaws on Snowball's tail, but Snowball whisked it free just in time. [그 중 한 마리는 스노우볼의 꼬리에 거의 아가미를 닫았지만 스노우볼은 마침내 그것을 휙 돌려서 놓아주었습니다.] Then he put on an extra spurt and, with a few inches to spare, slipped through a hole in the hedge and was seen no more. [그러던 다음 그는 추가로 가속을 하고 몇 인치를 여유롭게 하여 헤지의 구멍을 통해 미끄러져 들어가서 더 이상 보이지 않았습니다.] Silent and terrified, the animals crept back into the barn. [조용하고 겁에 질린 동물들은 헛간으로 기어들어갔습니다.] In a moment the dogs came bounding back. [잠시 후 개들이 뛰어 돌아왔습니다.] At first no one had been able to imagine where these creatures came from, but the problem was soon solved: they were the puppies whom Napoleon had taken away from their mothers and reared privately. [처음에는 아무도 이 생물들이 어디서 왔는지 상상할 수 없었지만 문제는 곧 해결되었습니다: 그들은 나폴레옹이 그들의 어머니들로부터 데려간 후 사적으로 키웠던 강아지들이었습니다.] Though not yet full-grown, they were huge dogs, and as fierce-looking as wolves. [아직 성장기는 아니었지만 그들은 거대한 개들이었고 늑대처럼 사나워 보였습니다.] They kept close to Napoleon. [그들은 나폴레옹에게 가까이 있었습니다.] It was noticed that they wagged their tails to him in the same way as the other dogs had been used to do to Mr. Jones. [그들이 다른 개들이 존스 씨에게 했던 것과 같은 방식으로 그에게 꼬리를 흔드는 것이 눈에 띄었습니다.] Napoleon, with the dogs following him, now mounted on to the raised portion of the floor where Major had previously stood to deliver his speech. [나폴레옹은 개들을 따라서 이제 메이저가 이전에 연설을 하려고 서 있던 바닥의 높은 부분으로 올라갔습니다.] He announced that from now on the Sunday-morning Meetings would come to an end. [그는 이제부터 일요일 아침의 회의가 끝날 것이라고 발표했습니다.] They were unnecessary, he said, and wasted time. [그는 그것들이 불필요하다고 말했고 시간을 낭비한다고 말했습니다.] In future all questions relating to the working of the farm would be settled by a special committee of pigs, presided over by himself. [앞으로 농장의 운영에 관한 모든 문제는 그가 주재하는 특별한 돼지 위원회에서 해결할 것입니다.] These would meet in private and afterwards communicate their decisions to the others. [이들은 비공개로 만나서 그 후에 그들의 결정을 다른 사람들에게 전달할 것입니다.] The animals would still assemble on Sunday mornings to salute the flag, sing 'Beasts of England', and receive their orders for the week; but there would be no more debates. [동물들은 아직도 일요일 아침에 모여 깃발에 경례하고 '잉글랜드의 짐승들'을 노래하고 그 주의 명령을 받을 것입니다; 그러나 더 이상 토론은 없을 것입니다.] In spite of the shock that Snowball's expulsion had given them, the animals were dismayed by this announcement. [스노우볼의 추방이 그들에게 준 충격에도 불구하고 동물들은 이 발표에 낙담했습니다.] of them would have protested if they could have found the right arguments. [그들 중 몇몇은 적절한 논거를 찾을 수 있다면 항의했을 것입니다.] Even Boxer was vaguely troubled. [심지어 복서도 모호하게 곤란해했습니다.] set his back, shook his forelock several times, and tried hard to marshal his thoughts; but in the end he could not think of anything to say. [그는 귀를 뒤로 빼고 이마털을 몇 번 흔들며 생각을 정리하려고 애썼지만 결국에는 말할 것이 아무것도 생각나지 않았습니다.] Some of the pigs themselves, however, were more articulate. [그러나 돼지들 중 일부는 더욱 명확히 말했습니다.] Four young porkers in the front row uttered shrill squeals of disapproval, and all four of them sprang to their feet and began speaking at once. [앞 줄에 앉은 네 마리 젊은 돼지가 신랄한 불만인 섞인 큰 소리를 내며 일어나 동시에 말하기 시작했습니다.] But suddenly the dogs sitting round Napoleon let out deep, menacing growls, and the pigs fell silent and sat down again. [그러나 갑자기 나폴레옹 주변에 앉아 있는 개들이 깊고 위협적인 으르렁거리고 돼지들은 침묵하고 다시 앉았습니다.] Then the sheep broke out into a tremendous bleating of "Four legs good, two legs bad!" which went on for nearly a quarter of an hour and put an end to any chance of discussion. [그런 다음 양들이 "네 다리는 좋고 두 다리는 나쁘다!"라는 엄청난 울음소리를 내며 거의 15분 동안 이어지고 어떤 토론의 기회도 끝내버렸습니다.] Afterwards Squealer was sent round the farm to explain the new arrangement to the others. [그 후에 스퀄러는 농장을 돌며 새로운 배열을 다른 사람들에게 설명하기 위해 보냈습니다.] "Comrades," he said, "I trust that every animal here appreciates the sacrifice that Comrade Napoleon has made in taking this extra labour upon himself. [“동무들,” 그는 말했습니다, “여기 있는 모든 동물들이 동무 나폴레옹이 이 추가적인 노력을 자신에게 가져다주는 희생을 인정하는 것을 나는 믿습니다.] Do not imagine, comrades, that leadership is a pleasure! On the contrary, it is a deep and heavy responsibility. [동지들아, 리더십이 즐거움인 것으로 생각하지 마십시오! 그것은 오히려 깊고 무거운 책임입니다.] No one believes more firmly than Comrade Napoleon that all animals are equal. [모든 동물은 평등하다는 것을 나폴레옹보다 더 강하게 믿는 사람은 없습니다.] He would be only too happy to let you make your decisions for yourselves. [그는 동무들이 스스로 결정을 내리게 하는 것에 너무나도 행복할 것입니다.] But sometimes you might make the wrong decisions, comrades, and then where should we be? [하지만 때로는 잘못된 결정을 내릴 수도 있습니다. 동지들아, 그럼 우리는 어디에 있어야 할까요?] Suppose you had decided to follow Snowball, with his moonshine of windmills—Snowball, who, as we now know, was no better than a criminal?" [스노우볼을 따르기로 결정했다고 가정해 봅시다. 그의 풍차에 대한 환상으로-스노우볼, 우리가 지금 알게 된 바로는 범죄자보다 나은 것이 없었습니다."] "He fought bravely at the Battle of the Cowshed," said somebody. ["그는 소헛간의 전투에서 용감하게 싸웠다,"라고 누군가가 말했습니다.] "Bravery is not enough," said Squealer. ["용감함만으로는 충분하지 않습니다,"라고 스퀄러가 말했습니다.] "Loyalty and obedience are more important. ["충성과 복종이 더 중요합니다.] And as to the Battle of the Cowshed, I believe the time will come when we shall find that Snowball's part in it was much exaggerated. [그리고 소헛간의 전투에 대해서는 우리가 스노우볼이 그것에 참여한 부분이 크게 과장되었다는 것을 알게 될 시간이 올 것이라고 믿습니다.] Discipline, comrades, iron discipline! That is the watchword for today. [단결, 동지들아, 철저한 단결! 그것이 오늘의 주제입니다.] One false step, and our enemies would be upon us. [잘못된 한 걸음만으로 우리의 적들이 우리에게 닥쳐들 것입니다.] Surely, comrades, you do not want Jones back?" [동지들아, 당연히 존스가 돌아오길 원치 않으시겠죠?] Once again this argument was unanswerable. [다시 한 번 이 논증은 반박할 수 없었습니다.] Certainly the animals did not want Jones back; if the holding of debates on Sunday mornings was liable to bring him back, then the debates must stop. [동물들은 확실히 존스를 되돌리길 원치 않았습니다; 일요일 아침에 토론을 열면 그가 돌아올 수 있다면 토론은 중단되어야 합니다.] Boxer, who had now had time to think things over, voiced the general feeling by saying: "If Comrade Napoleon says it, it must be right." [생각할 시간이 있었고 상황을 다시 생각해 본 박서는 "동지 나폴레옹이 그렇게 말한다면 그것은 옳은 일이겠지." 라고 일반적인 감정을 표현했습니다.] And from then on he adopted the maxim, "Napoleon is always right," in addition to his private motto of "I will work harder." [그 이후로 그는 "나폴레옹은 항상 옳다"는 최고 원칙을 도입했으며, "나는 더 열심히 일할 것이다"는 개인의 모토에 더해졌습니다.] By this time the weather had broken and the spring ploughing had begun. [이 시점에 날씨는 흐려지고 봄 경작이 시작되었습니다.] The shed where Snowball had drawn his plans of the windmill had been shut up and it was assumed that the plans had been rubbed off the floor. [스노우볼이 풍차 계획을 그린 헛간은 닫혀 있었고 계획이 바닥에서 지워졌다고 생각되었습니다.] Every Sunday morning at ten o'clock the animals assembled in the big barn to receive their orders for the week. [매주 일요일 오전 10시에 동물들이 큰 헛간에 모여 그 주의 명령을 받았습니다.] The skull of old Major, now clean of flesh, had been disinterred from the orchard and set up on a stump at the foot of the flagstaff, beside the gun. [이제 살이 깨끗이 벗겨진 올드 메이저의 해골은 과수원에서 발굴되어 깃대 바닥의 그루터기에 세워졌으며, 그 옆에는 총이 있었습니다.] After the hoisting of the flag, the animals were required to file past the skull in a reverent manner before entering the barn. [깃발을 게양한 후 동물들은 헌신적인 태도로 농장에 들어가기 전에 두개골 옆을 행렬 지어 지나가야 했습니다.] Nowadays they did not sit all together as they had done in the past. [요즘에는 그들이 과거에 했던 것처럼 모두 함께 앉지 않았습니다.] Napoleon, with Squealer and another pig named Minimus, who had a remarkable gift for composing songs and poems, sat on the front of the raised platform, with the nine young dogs forming a semicircle round them, and the other pigs sitting behind. [나폴레옹은 스퀄러와 노래와 시를 작곡하는 뛰어난 재능을 가진 미니무스라는 다른 돼지와 함께 아홉 마리의 젊은 개들이 그들 주변에 반원형을 이루고 다른 돼지들이 뒤에 앉는 상황에서 높은 플랫폼 앞에 앉았습니다.] The rest of the animals sat facing them in the main body of the barn. [나머지 동물들은 헛간의 주요 부분에 앉아 그들을 마주 보았습니다.] Napoleon read out the orders for the week in a gruff soldierly style, and after a single singing of 'Beasts of England', all the animals dispersed. [나폴레옹은 거친 병사 스타일로 그 주의 명령을 읽었고 '잉글랜드의 짐승들'을 한 번 부른 후 모든 동물들이 흩어졌습니다.] On the third Sunday after Snowball's expulsion, the animals were somewhat surprised to hear Napoleon announce that the windmill was to be built after all. [스노우볼이 추방된 지 세 번째 일요일에 동물들은 나폴레옹이 결국에는 풍차를 건설하겠다고 발표하는 것에 다소 놀랐습니다.] He did not give any reason for having changed his mind, but merely warned the animals that this extra task would mean very hard work, it might even be necessary to reduce their rations. [그는 마음을 바꾼 이유를 전혀 주지 않았지만 단지 이 추가 작업이 매우 힘든 일을 의미하며 심지어는 그들의 식량을 줄일 필요가 있을 수도 있다고 동물들에게 경고했습니다.] The plans, however, had all been prepared, down to the last detail. [그러나 계획은 모두 마지막 세부사항까지 준비되어 있었습니다.] A special committee of pigs had been at work upon them for the past three weeks. [돼지들의 특별 위원회가 지난 3주 동안 그들에게 일하고 있었습니다.] The building of the windmill, with various other improvements, was expected to take two years. [풍차 건설은 다양한 다른 개선 사항과 함께 2년이 걸릴 것으로 예상되었습니다.] That evening Squealer explained privately to the other animals that Napoleon had never in reality been opposed to the windmill. [그 저녁에 스퀄러는 나폴레옹이 실제로는 풍차에 반대한 적이 없었다고 다른 동물들에게 사적으로 설명했습니다.] On the contrary, it was he who had advocated it in the beginning, and the plan which Snowball had drawn on the floor of the incubator shed had actually been stolen from among Napoleon's papers. [오히려 그는 처음에 그것을 주장했고 스노우볼이 부화기 헛간 바닥에 그린 계획은 실제로 나폴레옹의 문서 중에서 훔쳐진 것이었습니다.] The windmill was, in fact, Napoleon's own creation. [사실 풍차는 나폴레옹 자신의 창작물이었습니다.] Why, then, asked somebody, had he spoken so strongly against it? [그럼 누군가가 물었습니다. 그는 왜 그렇게 강하게 반대하였는가?] Here Squealer looked very sly. [여기서 스퀄러는 아주 교활하게 보였습니다.] That, he said, was Comrade Napoleon's cunning. [그는 말했습니다. 그것이 바로 동무 나폴레옹의 교활함이었습니다.] He had SEEMED to oppose the windmill, simply as a manoeuvre to get rid of Snowball, who was a dangerous character and a bad influence. [그는 풍차에 반대하는 것처럼 보였지만 그것은 단지 위험한 인물이며 나쁜 영향을 미치는 스노우볼을 제거하는 수단에 불과했습니다.] Now that Snowball was out of the way, the plan could go forward without his interference. [이제 스노우볼이 길을 비켜주었으므로 그의 방해 없이 계획을 진행할 수 있었습니다.] This, said Squealer, was something called tactics. [스퀄러가 말했습니다. 이것이 바로 전술이라는 것입니다.] He repeated a number of times, "Tactics, comrades, tactics!" skipping round and whisking his tail with a merry laugh. [그는 여러 번 반복하며 "전술, 동무들, 전술!"이라고 말하며 웃음을 터뜨리며 꼬리를 흔들며 뛰어다녔습니다.] The animals were not certain what the word meant, but Squealer spoke so persuasively, and the three dogs who happened to be with him growled so threateningly, that they accepted his explanation without further questions. [동물들은 그 단어가 무슨 뜻인지 확실하지 않았지만 스퀄러가 너무 설득력 있게 말하고 그와 함께 있던 세 마리의 개들이 너무 위협적으로 으르렁대어 그들은 더 이상의 질문 없이 그의 설명을 받아들였습니다.]

 

 

2. 영어원문

Chapter V As winter drew on, Mollie became more and more troublesome. She was late for work every morning and excused herself by saying that she had overslept, and she complained of mysterious pains, although her appetite was excellent. On every kind of pretext she would run away from work and go to the drinking pool, where she would stand foolishly gazing at her own reflection in the water. But there were also rumours of something more serious. One day, as Mollie strolled blithely into the yard, flirting her long tail and chewing at a stalk of hay, Clover took her aside. "Mollie," she said, "I have something very serious to say to you. This morning I saw you looking over the hedge that divides Animal Farm from Foxwood. One of Mr. Pilkington's men was standing on the other side of the hedge. And—I was a long way away, but I am almost certain I saw this—he was talking to you and you were allowing him to stroke your nose. What does that mean, Mollie?" "He didn't! I wasn't! It isn't true!" cried Mollie, beginning to prance about and paw the ground. "Mollie! Look me in the face. Do you give me your word of honour that that man was not stroking your nose?" "It isn't true!" repeated Mollie, but she could not look Clover in the face, and the next moment she took to her heels and galloped away into the field. A thought struck Clover. Without saying anything to the others, she went to Mollie's stall and turned over the straw with her hoof. Hidden under the straw was a little pile of lump sugar and several bunches of ribbon of different colours. Three days later Mollie disappeared. For some weeks nothing was known of her whereabouts, then the pigeons reported that they had seen her on the other side of Willingdon. She was between the shafts of a smart dogcart painted red and black, which was standing outside a public-house. A fat red-faced man in check breeches and gaiters, who looked like a publican, was stroking her nose and feeding her with sugar. Her coat was newly clipped and she wore a scarlet ribbon round her forelock. She appeared to be enjoying herself, so the pigeons said. None of the animals ever mentioned Mollie again. In January there came bitterly hard weather. The earth was like iron, and nothing could be done in the fields. Many meetings were held in the big barn, and the pigs occupied themselves with planning out the work of the coming season. It had come to be accepted that the pigs, who were manifestly cleverer than the other animals, should decide all questions of farm policy, though their decisions had to be ratified by a majority vote. This arrangement would have worked well enough if it had not been for the disputes between Snowball and Napoleon. These two disagreed at every point where disagreement was possible. If one of them suggested sowing a bigger acreage with barley, the other was certain to demand a bigger acreage of oats, and if one of them said that such and such a field was just right for cabbages, the other would declare that it was useless for anything except roots. Each had his own following, and there were some violent debates. At the Meetings Snowball often won over the majority by his brilliant speeches, but Napoleon was better at canvassing support for himself in between times. He was especially successful with the sheep. Of late the sheep had taken to bleating "Four legs good, two legs bad" both in and out of season, and they often interrupted the Meeting with this. It was noticed that they were especially liable to break into "Four legs good, two legs bad" at crucial moments in Snowball's speeches. Snowball had made a close study of some back numbers of the 'Farmer and Stockbreeder' which he had found in the farmhouse, and was full of plans for innovations and improvements. He talked learnedly about field drains, silage, and basic slag, and had worked out a complicated scheme for all the animals to drop their dung directly in the fields, at a different spot every day, to save the labour of cartage. Napoleon produced no schemes of his own, but said quietly that Snowball's would come to nothing, and seemed to be biding his time. But of all their controversies, none was so bitter as the one that took place over the windmill. In the long pasture, not far from the farm buildings, there was a small knoll which was the highest point on the farm. After surveying the ground, Snowball declared that this was just the place for a windmill, which could be made to operate a dynamo and supply the farm with electrical power. This would light the stalls and warm them in winter, and would also run a circular saw, a chaff-cutter, a mangel-slicer, and an electric milking machine. The animals had never heard of anything of this kind before (for the farm was an old-fashioned one and had only the most primitive machinery), and they listened in astonishment while Snowball conjured up pictures of fantastic machines which would do their work for them while they grazed at their ease in the fields or improved their minds with reading and conversation. Within a few weeks Snowball's plans for the windmill were fully worked out. The mechanical details came mostly from three books which had belonged to Mr. Jones—'One Thousand Useful Things to Do About the House', 'Every Man His Own Bricklayer', and 'Electricity for Beginners'. Snowball used as his study a shed which had once been used for incubators and had a smooth wooden floor, suitable for drawing on. He was closeted there for hours at a time. With his books held open by a stone, and with a piece of chalk gripped between the knuckles of his trotter, he would move rapidly to and fro, drawing in line after line and uttering little whimpers of excitement. Gradually the plans grew into a complicated mass of cranks and cog-wheels, covering more than half the floor, which the other animals found completely unintelligible but very impressive. All of them came to look at Snowball's drawings at least once a day. Even the hens and ducks came, and were at pains not to tread on the chalk marks. Only Napoleon held aloof. He had declared himself against the windmill from the start. One day, however, he arrived unexpectedly to examine the plans. He walked heavily round the shed, looked closely at every detail of the plans and snuffed at them once or twice, then stood for a little while contemplating them out of the corner of his eye; then suddenly he lifted his leg, urinated over the plans, and walked out without uttering a word. The whole farm was deeply divided on the subject of the windmill. Snowball did not deny that to build it would be a difficult business. Stone would have to be carried and built up into walls, then the sails would have to be made and after that there would be need for dynamos and cables. (How these were to be procured, Snowball did not say.) But he maintained that it could all be done in a year. And thereafter, he declared, so much labour would be saved that the animals would only need to work three days a week. Napoleon, on the other hand, argued that the great need of the moment was to increase food production, and that if they wasted time on the windmill they would all starve to death. The animals formed themselves into two factions under the slogan, "Vote for Snowball and the three-day week" and "Vote for Napoleon and the full manger." Benjamin was the only animal who did not side with either faction. He refused to believe either that food would become more plentiful or that the windmill would save work. Windmill or no windmill, he said, life would go on as it had always gone on—that is, badly. Apart from the disputes over the windmill, there was the question of the defence of the farm. It was fully realised that though the human beings had been defeated in the Battle of the Cowshed they might make another and more determined attempt to recapture the farm and reinstate Mr. Jones. They had all the more reason for doing so because the news of their defeat had spread across the countryside and made the animals on the neighbouring farms more restive than ever. As usual, Snowball and Napoleon were in disagreement. According to Napoleon, what the animals must do was to procure firearms and train themselves in the use of them. According to Snowball, they must send out more and more pigeons and stir up rebellion among the animals on the other farms. The one argued that if they could not defend themselves they were bound to be conquered, the other argued that if rebellions happened everywhere they would have no need to defend themselves. The animals listened first to Napoleon, then to Snowball, and could not make up their minds which was right; indeed, they always found themselves in agreement with the one who was speaking at the moment. At last the day came when Snowball's plans were completed. At the Meeting on the following Sunday the question of whether or not to begin work on the windmill was to be put to the vote. When the animals had assembled in the big barn, Snowball stood up and, though occasionally interrupted by bleating from the sheep, set forth his reasons for advocating the building of the windmill. Then Napoleon stood up to reply. He said very quietly that the windmill was nonsense and that he advised nobody to vote for it, and promptly sat down again; he had spoken for barely thirty seconds, and seemed almost indifferent as to the effect he produced. At this Snowball sprang to his feet, and shouting down the sheep, who had begun bleating again, broke into a passionate appeal in favour of the windmill. Until now the animals had been about equally divided in their sympathies, but in a moment Snowball's eloquence had carried them away. In glowing sentences he painted a picture of Animal Farm as it might be when sordid labour was lifted from the animals' backs. His imagination had now run far beyond chaff-cutters and turnip-slicers. Electricity, he said, could operate threshing machines, ploughs, harrows, rollers, and reapers and binders, besides supplying every stall with its own electric light, hot and cold water, and an electric heater. By the time he had finished speaking, there was no doubt as to which way the vote would go. But just at this moment Napoleon stood up and, casting a peculiar sidelong look at Snowball, uttered a high-pitched whimper of a kind no one had ever heard him utter before. At this there was a terrible baying sound outside, and nine enormous dogs wearing brass-studded collars came bounding into the barn. They dashed straight for Snowball, who only sprang from his place just in time to escape their snapping jaws. In a moment he was out of the door and they were after him. Too amazed and frightened to speak, all the animals crowded through the door to watch the chase. Snowball was racing across the long pasture that led to the road. He was running as only a pig can run, but the dogs were close on his heels. Suddenly he slipped and it seemed certain that they had him. Then he was up again, running faster than ever, then the dogs were gaining on him again. One of them all but closed his jaws on Snowball's tail, but Snowball whisked it free just in time. Then he put on an extra spurt and, with a few inches to spare, slipped through a hole in the hedge and was seen no more. Silent and terrified, the animals crept back into the barn. In a moment the dogs came bounding back. At first no one had been able to imagine where these creatures came from, but the problem was soon solved: they were the puppies whom Napoleon had taken away from their mothers and reared privately. Though not yet full-grown, they were huge dogs, and as fierce-looking as wolves. They kept close to Napoleon. It was noticed that they wagged their tails to him in the same way as the other dogs had been used to do to Mr. Jones. Napoleon, with the dogs following him, now mounted on to the raised portion of the floor where Major had previously stood to deliver his speech. He announced that from now on the Sunday-morning Meetings would come to an end. They were unnecessary, he said, and wasted time. In future all questions relating to the working of the farm would be settled by a special committee of pigs, presided over by himself. These would meet in private and afterwards communicate their decisions to the others. The animals would still assemble on Sunday mornings to salute the flag, sing 'Beasts of England', and receive their orders for the week; but there would be no more debates. In spite of the shock that Snowball's expulsion had given them, the animals were dismayed by this announcement. Several of them would have protested if they could have found the right arguments. Even Boxer was vaguely troubled. He set his ears back, shook his forelock several times, and tried hard to marshal his thoughts; but in the end he could not think of anything to say. Some of the pigs themselves, however, were more articulate. Four young porkers in the front row uttered shrill squeals of disapproval, and all four of them sprang to their feet and began speaking at once. But suddenly the dogs sitting round Napoleon let out deep, menacing growls, and the pigs fell silent and sat down again. Then the sheep broke out into a tremendous bleating of "Four legs good, two legs bad!" which went on for nearly a quarter of an hour and put an end to any chance of discussion. Afterwards Squealer was sent round the farm to explain the new arrangement to the others. "Comrades," he said, "I trust that every animal here appreciates the sacrifice that Comrade Napoleon has made in taking this extra labour upon himself. Do not imagine, comrades, that leadership is a pleasure! On the contrary, it is a deep and heavy responsibility. No one believes more firmly than Comrade Napoleon that all animals are equal. He would be only too happy to let you make your decisions for yourselves. But sometimes you might make the wrong decisions, comrades, and then where should we be? Suppose you had decided to follow Snowball, with his moonshine of windmills—Snowball, who, as we now know, was no better than a criminal?" "He fought bravely at the Battle of the Cowshed," said somebody. "Bravery is not enough," said Squealer. "Loyalty and obedience are more important. And as to the Battle of the Cowshed, I believe the time will come when we shall find that Snowball's part in it was much exaggerated. Discipline, comrades, iron discipline! That is the watchword for today. One false step, and our enemies would be upon us. Surely, comrades, you do not want Jones back?" Once again this argument was unanswerable. Certainly the animals did not want Jones back; if the holding of debates on Sunday mornings was liable to bring him back, then the debates must stop. Boxer, who had now had time to think things over, voiced the general feeling by saying: "If Comrade Napoleon says it, it must be right." And from then on he adopted the maxim, "Napoleon is always right," in addition to his private motto of "I will work harder." By this time the weather had broken and the spring ploughing had begun. The shed where Snowball had drawn his plans of the windmill had been shut up and it was assumed that the plans had been rubbed off the floor. Every Sunday morning at ten o'clock the animals assembled in the big barn to receive their orders for the week. The skull of old Major, now clean of flesh, had been disinterred from the orchard and set up on a stump at the foot of the flagstaff, beside the gun. After the hoisting of the flag, the animals were required to file past the skull in a reverent manner before entering the barn. Nowadays they did not sit all together as they had done in the past. Napoleon, with Squealer and another pig named Minimus, who had a remarkable gift for composing songs and poems, sat on the front of the raised platform, with the nine young dogs forming a semicircle round them, and the other pigs sitting behind. The rest of the animals sat facing them in the main body of the barn. Napoleon read out the orders for the week in a gruff soldierly style, and after a single singing of 'Beasts of England', all the animals dispersed. On the third Sunday after Snowball's expulsion, the animals were somewhat surprised to hear Napoleon announce that the windmill was to be built after all. He did not give any reason for having changed his mind, but merely warned the animals that this extra task would mean very hard work, it might even be necessary to reduce their rations. The plans, however, had all been prepared, down to the last detail. A special committee of pigs had been at work upon them for the past three weeks. The building of the windmill, with various other improvements, was expected to take two years. That evening Squealer explained privately to the other animals that Napoleon had never in reality been opposed to the windmill. On the contrary, it was he who had advocated it in the beginning, and the plan which Snowball had drawn on the floor of the incubator shed had actually been stolen from among Napoleon's papers. The windmill was, in fact, Napoleon's own creation. Why, then, asked somebody, had he spoken so strongly against it? Here Squealer looked very sly. That, he said, was Comrade Napoleon's cunning. He had SEEMED to oppose the windmill, simply as a manoeuvre to get rid of Snowball, who was a dangerous character and a bad influence. Now that Snowball was out of the way, the plan could go forward without his interference. This, said Squealer, was something called tactics. He repeated a number of times, "Tactics, comrades, tactics!" skipping round and whisking his tail with a merry laugh. The animals were not certain what the word meant, but Squealer spoke so persuasively, and the three dogs who happened to be with him growled so threateningly, that they accepted his explanation without further questions.

 

 

3. 마치며

번역기로 번역을 한 후 다듬은 내용이라 매끄럽지 못한 부분이 있을 수도 있는데 참고해서 봐 주세요. 도움이 되셨기를 바랍니다. 다음에 챕터6이 이어집니다.